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November 26 跨文化的作业~呵呵~8是偶写的啦~是TOBY叔写的~嘿嘿~还是英文的~千恩万谢呀~
虽然俺看8懂~8过~拿出来晾晾吧~
从电影<刮痧>看中西方文化差异~
On Cultural Shock
Film is a special form of the representational politics. The cultural reading interrogates what is the cinematic meaning constructed in the deep structure of culture. The present paper picks up the Chinese English Film Gua Sha as an exemplification and aims to transcend the previous understandings in the surface structure of the cultural difference and the cultural clash, and provide an interpretation of cultural identity politics of the first generation immigrants. In multicuhural context, identity becomes a floating signifier waiting for the subjective intervention. Chinese immigrants is shaped by the multicultural form of ethnicity and fragmented between two identities while American host is threatened by the cultural mosaic and suffers from the hybridity-phobia complex. In the cultural field, Gua Sha incident is a battle between the American Orientalism and Chinese Sinization ideologies, while for the individual subject, it is more as the confrontation between the past cultural memory and present cultural identification in subjectivity.
Culture shock is precipitated by the anxiety that results from losing all familiar signs and symbols of social intercourse. These signs are the thousand and one ways in which we orient ourselves to the situations of daily life: when to shake hands and what to say when we meet people, when and how to give tips, how to give orders to servants, how to make purchases, when to accept and when to refuse invitations, when to take statements seriously and when not. These cues, which may be words, gestures, facial expressions, customs, or norms are acquired by all of us in the course of growing up and are as much a part of our culture as the language we speak or the beliefs we accept. All of us depend for our peace of mind and our efficiency on hundreds of these cues, most of which are unconsciously learned. When an individual enters a strange culture, all or most of these familiar cues are removed. He or she is like a fish out of water. No matter how broad-minded or full of good will he may be, a series of props have been knocked from under him. This is followed by a feeling of frustration and anxiety. People react to the frustration in much the same way. First they reject the environment which causes the discomfort: "the ways of the host country are bad because they make us feel bad." For example Americans who are in a strange land get together to grouse about the host country and its people, you can be sure they are suffering from culture shock. Another phase of culture shock is regression. The home environment suddenly assumes a tremendous importance, everything becomes irrationally glorified. All difficulties and problems are forgotten and only the good things back home are remembered. It usually takes a trip home to bring one back to reality. Symptoms Some of the symptoms of culture shock are: excessive concern over cleanliness and the feeling that what is new and strange is "dirty." This could be in relation to drinking water, food, dishes, and bedding; fear of physical contact with attendants or servants; a feeling of helplessness and a desire for dependence on long-term residents of one's own nationality; irritation over delays and other minor frustrations out of proportion to their causes; delay and outright refusal to learn the language of the host country; excessive fear of being cheated, robbed, or injured; great concern over minor pains and irruptions of the skin; and finally, that terrible longing to be back home, to be in familiar surroundings, to visit one's relatives, and, in general, to talk to people who really "make sense." Individuals differ greatly in the degree in which culture shock affects them. Although not common, there are individuals who cannot live in foreign countries. Those who have seen people go through a serious case of culture shock and on to a satisfactory adjustment can discern steps in the process. The Honeymoon Stage During the first few weeks most individuals are fascinated by the new. They stay in hotels and associate with nationals who speak their language and are polite and gracious to foreigners. This honeymoon stage may last from a few days or weeks to six months depending on circumstances. If one is a very important person he or she will be taken to the show places, pampered and petted, and in a press interview will speak glowingly about progress, goodwill, and international amity. If he returns home may well write a book about his pleasant if superficial experience abroad. But this "Cook's tour" type of mentality does not normally last if the foreign visitor remains abroad and has to seriously cope with real conditions of life. It is then that the second stage begins, characterized by a hostile and aggressive attitude towards the host country. This hostility evidently grows out of the genuine difficulty which the visitor experiences in the process of adjustment. There is maid trouble, school trouble, language trouble, house trouble, transportation trouble, shopping trouble, and the fact that people in the host country are largely indifferent to all these troubles. They help but they just don't understand your great concern over these difficulties. Therefore, they must be insensitive and unsympathetic to you and your worries. The result, "I just don't like them." You become aggressive, you band together with your fellow countrymen and criticize the host country, its ways and its people. This criticism is not an objective appraisal but a derogatory one. Instead of trying to account for conditions as they are through an honest analysis of the actual conditions and the historical circumstances which have created them, you talk as if the difficulties you experience are more or less created by the people of the host country for your special discomfort. You take refuge in the company of your countrymen and this cocktail circuit becomes the fountainhead of emotionally charged labels knows as stereotypes. This is a peculiar kind of shorthand which caricatures the host country and its people in a negative manner. Stereotypes The "dollar grasping American" and the "indolent Latin American" are samples of mild forms of stereotypes. The use of stereotypes may salve the ego of someone with a severe case of culture shock but it certainly does not lead to any genuine understanding of the host country and its people. This second stage of culture shock is in a sense a crisis in the disease. If you overcome it you stay, if not, you leave before you reach the stage of a nervous breakdown. Culture shock is lessened as the visitor succeeds in getting some knowledge of the language and begins to get around by himself. This is the beginning of his adjustment to the new cultural environment. The visitor still has difficulties but he takes a "this is my cross and I have to bear it" attitude. Usually in this stage the visitor takes a superior attitude toward people of the host country. His sense of humor begins to exert itself. Instead of criticizing he makes jokes about the people and even cracks jokes about his or her own difficulties. He or she is now on the way to recovery. And there is still the poor devil who is worse off than yourself whom you can help, which in turn gives you confidence in your ability to speak and get around. Final adjustment In the final stage of adjustment the visitor accepts the customs of the country as just another way of living. He can operate within the new milieu without a feeling of anxiety although there are moments of strain. Only with a complete grasp of all the cues of social intercourse will this strain disappear. For a long time the individual will understand what the national is saying, but he is not always sure what the national means. With a complete adjustment you not only accept the foods, drinks, habits, and customs but actually begin to enjoy them. When you go back home on leave you may even take things back with you and if you leave for good you generally miss the country and the people to whom you have become accustomed. It might be well to point out that the difficulties which the newcomer experiences are very real. If individuals come to a tropical area from a temperate one they quite often suffer from intestinal disturbances. Strange foods sometimes upset people. In Rio, for instance, water and power shortages are very real. When these physical difficulties are added to those arising from not knowing how to communicate and the uncertainties presented by customs the consequent frustrations and anxieties are understandable. In the course of time, an individual makes this adjustment. You do what is essential about water, food, and the other minutiae of daily life. You adapt yourself to water and power shortages and to traffic problems. In short, the environment does not change. What has changed is your attitude towards it. Somehow it no longer troubles you, you no longer project your discomforts onto the people of the host country and their ways. You get along under a new set of living conditions. A product of history In an effort to get over culture shock, I think there is value in knowing something about the nature of culture and its relationship to the individual. In addition to living in a physical environment, an individual lives in a cultural environment consisting of manmade physical objects, social institutions, and ideas and beliefs. An individual is not born with culture but only with the capacity to learn it and use it. There is nothing in a new born child which dictates that it should eventually speak Portuguese, English, or French, nor that he eat with a fork in his left hand rather than in the right, or use chop sticks. All these things the child has to learn. Nor are the parents responsible for the culture which they transmit to their young. The culture of any people is the product of history and is built up over time largely through processes which are, as far as the individual is concerned, beyond his awareness. It is by means of culture that the young learn to adapt themselves to the physical environment and to the people with whom they associate. As we know, children and adolescents often experience difficulties in this process of learning and adjustment. But once learned, culture becomes a way of life, the sure, familiar, largely automatic way of getting what you want from your environment and as such it also becomes a value. People have a way of accepting their culture as both the best and the only way of doing things. This is perfectly normal and understandable. To this attitude we give the name ethnocentrism, a belief that not only the culture but the race and nation form the center of the world. Individuals identify themselves with their own group and its ways to the extent that any critical comment is taken as an affront to the individual as well as to the group. If you criticize my country, you are criticizing me. If you criticize me, you are criticizing my country. Along with this attitude goes the tendency to attribute all individual peculiarities as national characteristics. For instance, if an American does something odd or antisocial in a foreign country which back home would be considered a purely individual act, it is now considered a national trait. Instead of being censured as an individual, his country is censured. It is best to recognize that ethnocentrism is a characteristic of national groups. If a national criticizes some aspect of his own culture, the foreigner should listen but not enter into the criticism. The study of culture Specific cultures are products of historical development. Brazil and the United States, for instance, have different cultural origins and different culture histories which account for present day differences. In this case, however, the differences are not great, both cultures being parts of Western civilization. It might be useful to recognize here that the study of culture per se is not the study of individuals. Psychology is the study of individual personality. Sociology is the study of groups and group behaviors. The student of culture studies not human individuals but the interrelationships of culture forms like technologies, institutions, idea and belief systems. Hi is interested not so much in the study of culture as such, but its impact upon the individual under special conditions. A lack of understanding An objective treatment of your cultural background and that of your new environment is important in understanding culture shock. There is a great difference in knowing what is the cause of your disturbance and not knowing. Once you realize that your trouble is due to your own lack of understanding of other people's cultural background and your own lack of the means of communication rather than the hostility of an alien environment, you also realize that you yourself can gain this understanding and these means of communication. And the sooner you do this, the sooner culture shock will disappear. The question now arises, what can you do to get over culture shock as quickly as possible? The answer is to get to know the people of that host country. But this you cannot do with any success without knowing the language, for language is the principal symbol system of communication. We all know that learning a new language is difficult, particularly to adults. This task alone is quite enough to cause frustration and anxiety, no matter how skillful the language teacher. But once you begin to be able to carry on a friendly conversation with your maid, your neighbor, or to go on shopping trips alone, you not only gain confidence and a feeling of power but a whole new world of cultural meanings open up for you. You begin to find out not only what and how people do things but also what their interests are. These interests people usually express by what they habitually talk about and how they allocate their time and money. Once you know this value or interest pattern it will be quite easy to get people to talk and to be interested in you. When we say people have no interests we usually admit the fact that we have not bothered to find out. At times it is helpful to be a participant observer by joining the activities of the people. This could be a carnival, a religious rite, or some economic activity. Yet the visitor should never forget that he or she is an outsider and will be treated as such. He should view this participation as role playing. Understanding the ways of the people is essential but this does not mean that you have to give up on your own. What happens is that you have developed two patterns of behavior.
May 13 希望一切都好生命在奔腾
青春在流淌
抬头看傍晚北京灰暗的天空
回头看看新粉刷过的楼体墙壁
想想学校想想未来
只有两个字可以形容
迷茫
马上就要考4级了
真希望一次就能通过
这样,我未来的生活就会顺利很多
可以完成很多我想去做的
其实真的还有很多事
不过
不想再说了
只希望一切都好 March 01 快开学了~真快~一想这周日就要回学校了~马上就要开学了
从前天就觉得好象是29号了
可是今天才发现2月今年没有29号~明天就3月1号了||||||
真是诡异呀
或是
本来我就已经过糊涂了日子
假期在家就是睡觉
清晨起床下午2点~
一睁眼是过了一天还是两天已经分不清了
做了一件事,是前天昨天还是今天,已经不记得了
脑子就像生了锈的机器或是长了蘑菇一样
看上去有点后现代艺术,其实没什么用处
最近一想到形容自己
脑子里第一句蹦出来的话绝对是
"M斗大的泪珠流下来"
其实也没有流,其实有时也不一定难过
不过~就是这句形容~
其实到是感觉满适合我气质的~哈
最近觉得自己的想法有改进了好多
估计和最近经常和某位先生进行对话的关系
潜移默化被洗了脑
他绝对高兴,不过,其实对我到也不是坏事
人嘛~都会尽量往好的方向改变的
也许我的想法越来越成熟了
看事情也多数理性了很多
不过
我决定了,还是做个孩子
不想跟社会低头
或许我的选择很没责任感
不过,我决定试着相信自己的选择
既然决定了,就好好的继续
至于说马上就要开学了嘛~
呵呵
希望一切顺利吧~
好好学习天天向上~HOHO
考试全过~万事OK~
加油! February 13 ENDLESS STORY偶写的电影<NANA>插曲<ENDLESS STORY>的中文歌词 8是翻译|||| 就是另写的词而已|||||| 放个<ENDLESS STORY>的MP3地址 http://mycasty.jp/shiryu/images/168383.mp3
ENDLESS STORY 站在对面的街角寻觅 在每一个安静深夜里
没有机会当面说爱你 金色阳光照到我的窗边 不能停止 不能停止 January 20 如果有一天如果有一天 如果有一天 January 06 姻缘April 09 今天看见了林志颖~HOHO~
小志哥哥~
多么熟悉亲切又是个多久没有叫过的名字呀~
哈哈~
林志颖~偶第一个喜欢的如此只喜欢的明星~
真的~
喜欢他的程度决不亚于现在对偶家TAKKI的喜爱
不过~
对他付出就没有对TAKKI宝贝的多啦~HO
当我还是小孩子(HO~借歌词~哈)
我上小学的时候真的超级迷他呢
曾经立志要嫁给他||||
HOHO~
真怀疑当时是不是就确定了自己现在的华丽的大叔控~哈哈
今天见到他
噢~
真的是暴帅呢~
实话~莫名其妙有种流泪的冲动
当然~也只是冲动而已~哈
真的~觉得他真人比电视帅好多
突然觉得自己小时侯的那种热情又回来了呢
再加上今天竟然被不知道是哪的记者当成了小孩||||(其实心里暴爽呢~哈)
更有时光倒流的感觉
毕竟林志颖那脸十几年一点变化都没有|||||||
HO~
现在说一下被当成小朋友事件~
偶当时在记者区(二楼)
偶大喊"小志看上面~"
后来边上一女记者跟着一起喊
与她一起的男记者问 她为什么喊
她说那边一小女孩在拍(后来才知道说的是我|||)
于是两个人一起跟着喊~
后来那女记者叫我~小孩~小孩~小朋友~
我问是叫我么?
她说是~
我说偶已经成年了|||||
她当时大惊~说觉得以为我特小呢(估计是看我穿了LOLI系洋装||||||)
后来我们就聊了一下~哈
说真的~被人以为小孩真的暴爽呢~哈
April 02 媚之海 LOLITA之天空只要一眼,保证,所有女孩都会为止疯狂。这,不是什么夸张的宣传,只是一个绝对的事实。而是什么有那么大的魔力呢?它的名字就叫做——Lolita。 Lolita一词的出处是来自俄裔美国作家Vladimir Nabokov(1899-1977)一九五五年发表的名作《Lolita》。Lolita的故事在现实生活是paedophilia(恋童癖),并被一些读者所难以理解倍受争议,但在文学界,《Lolita》是经典之作,却是不争的事实。而我之前所说的Lolita,其实和小说《Lolita》并没有什么直接的联系,要说关系,可能就是说着Lolita系服装的大部分为十几岁的年轻少女和小说中主人公的年纪相仿而已。日语中的lolita服饰是指以Gothic(歌特)和古装为基础的服饰,并有洋娃娃那种镶蕾丝的花边的裙子,但又不仅仅只是这样。Lolita系就像Punk系、109辣妹系、板装一样,是一种衣着风格的总称。既然是服装风格,Lolita系本身也是有分派系的,一般基础的分为三大主要派系: Sweet Love Lolita(甜美Loli)、Gothic Lolita(歌特Loli)、Classic Lolita(古典Loli),其中Classic Lolita是受众年龄跨度最大最接近主流时尚的一支。事实上,随着时尚的发展,Lolita系的分之派系也在逐渐增加,例如Punk Lolita等也是现在非常受欢迎的一支。 真正让Lolita服饰进入日本流行界的最大功臣是漫画家楠本まき。她在80年代作品《KISSxxxx》是讲述一个摇滚乐团的漫画。乐团中一个成员的女朋友老是穿得象个洋娃娃。她很可爱并且照顾这个乐队的演出。这也算是为什么现在你呢感在LIVE上看见很多Lolita装扮的女孩的原因之一吧。直到2000年之后,Lolita风格越来越受到年轻女孩子的欢迎,女孩子们把Lolita娃娃造型化成fashion的一种。2004年《下妻物语》一片更将Lolita Look热潮推向高峰。片中,主角桃子的扮演者深田恭子一身公主般的Lolita打扮,如娃娃般的淑女形象,令日本年轻人感到分外亲切,成为日本潮人的热话作品。而这部无论如何都属于小成本投入的影片,在当年却获得了日本的电影大赏,很多人评论说,充斥其中的女主人公桃子最爱的Sweet Love Lolita系洋装可谓功不可没。影片中深田恭子所穿的39套洋装均是日本知名的Sweet Love Lolita洋装品牌BABY,THE STARS SHINE BRIGHT提供,而深田恭子也因出演此片而爱上了这种华丽丽衣着文化。而Lolita文化的影响不止于此,近年来很受欢迎的SD娃娃大多穿着的是Lolita系的衣服,因此很多人最初接触到Lolita系的衣服也是从SD娃娃开始的,借着SD娃娃的火暴,也让更多人认识了Lolita系服饰,可以说是Lolita成就了SD娃娃,而SD娃娃也同样推动了Lolita。 近两年来,Lolita风潮要也吹向了中国,早前香港也引入了这种文化,因为这种衣著颇为夸张,而且价钱很贵,很少人舍得买。现在,在北京上海广州等地也出现了很多迷恋Lolita系的女孩子,有两家日本知名的Lolita服装品牌也已经落户上海了,北京的西单呢也有了一些主营Lolita风格衣服的店,而Lolita爱好者CHUCHUA已经和好朋友创建了国内原创的Lolita品牌“表面咒语”,但整体来说Lolita文化在国内还未到大规模普及的时代。相反,在日本穿Lolita就普遍得多了,你可以找到很多关于Lolita 的日本杂志,而且在日本,Lolita除了有少女拥护外,更有不少成熟女性支持,就像大家熟知的漫画《一吻定情》中男主角入江直树的妈妈就绝对是个老牌Loli迷。而现在以Lolita系少女为卖点或在作品中加入Lolita元素的动漫作品也有很多。例如:《蔷薇少女》、《月咏》、《地狱少女》这些直接以Lolita系少女为卖点的作品也取得了相当不错的成绩;当然,由于题材大热的关系很多作品甚至是一些相当受欢迎的作品中都有加入相应的Lolita元素来吸引眼球,小佃健《死亡笔记》中的戏份最多的女角海砂就是典型的PUNK Lolita、矢泽爱《NANA》中主角们的装扮除了PUNK风的突出就是Lolita的精致了;值得一提的是漫画版刚完结现在新开动画化的《公主·公主》,虽然是明显的以变装为卖点的女性向搞笑青春漫画,但其中三个可爱的男主角“公主”装扮时的Lolita洋装一定也为其更添了一把人气。由于Lolita和动漫有很多联系的原因,有人会把Lolita装扮当作Cosplay看,这是绝对错误的!Lolita是一种穿着风格,Cosplay是一种扮演活动,不可以混乱!有这种误解并不可笑,毕竟现在很多COSER喜欢COS的SD娃娃还有一些知名的动漫人物都是是穿Lolita服饰的,就像CLAMP的《魔卡少女樱》、《Chobits》不仅是大热的作品,其中Lolita造型的主角也都是COSER喜欢扮演的热门人物。 其实,Lolita不仅代表了新一代少女的浪漫情怀、公主情节,同样是对所有女孩最富有诱惑离名词。同样Lolita也不仅是一种服饰潮流,更是年青人表达情感需要的方式,或是弥补自信不足的自我保护武装,也可以说是心灵上的一种寄托。一如发展心理学家艾力逊指出,年轻人正处于“自我认识与迷乱”的階段,他们往往拥有童真与梦想,有摆脱现实规限的渴求,需要寻找自我,因此以不羁和野性挑战传统,期望得到別人关注、了解、认同和真正接纳,而Lolita系所表达的精神正好满足了年轻一代的精神需求。就像那些喜欢用极限运动和摇滚音乐或是街头文化释放和实现自己的孩子一样, Lolita文化是用一种看上去温和的方式去释放那年轻的、又同样激烈着的感情。但与那些不同的是,Lolita文化是一种从外在到内在的变化。魔法般的只要穿上Lolita的装扮每个女孩都会有不可思议的改变,自然而然的幽雅坐姿和言行,看上去舒缓的每个动作却散发着逼人的青春。 忘记了从哪看过这样一句话:每位少女都是来自外星的公主,每位少女都可以如宝石般耀眼闪光。我相信Lolita服饰就是那把女孩公主光芒释放出来的魔法,有只要一眼就可以把所有女孩子吸引的魔力,再冷漠的女孩也会为之心动。那么,还不也让自己loil一下,让Lolita的魔法也把自己的公主光辉放出来! April 01 一天=~~~~一天~
绝对是个奇妙存在~
偶真的说不清楚在一天的具体含义是什么~
同样~也说不清一天究竟能发生多少事情
3.29~
多么开心又多磨难的一天
我家TAKKI的生日~
24岁,本命年的生日~
多么值得纪念又该多么开心的一天~
事实?
其实也差不多吧
不过~时间其实是个很奇妙也很容易让人产生错觉的东西吧
就算过了0:00,意义上已经新的一天了
可是由于在黑夜的关系,你仍然会觉得还停留在前一天~知道天亮为止~
于是~我想把发生在30号凌晨的一些事任性的归给29号,完成心理上的完整
那天是TAKKI宝贝的生日~
晚上终于能上上网了~上玩网本是高高兴兴的回宿舍去
本应该也是个兴奋而高兴的夜晚~
可是~
都是万恶的阿田~
破坏了一天的气氛~
这些天来
阿田一直对小的很过分
弄的小的都想搬走了
后来~我,猪瞳,小的就郁闷到顶楼喝酒聊天去了
其实没一次我们的谈话都是相当深刻的
这一次更是让我们三个又说的深刻到不行
第一次,平日都是最坚强的我们抱着哭成一团
当然
这跟阿田一点关系也没,为那种人,根本不可能
哭,只为了我们最爱也最爱我们的人!
那天我们三个喝了不到一箱
我到是没喝多少
因为胃不好,又刚生完病,所以很注意
但三个人坐在一起喝酒聊天的感觉真的很好
聊八卦,聊人生,聊家人~~
真的~几乎从来没在朋友面前那么哭过
就向发泄般
三个人,就是那样的哭着
黑暗中,有些距离感,却又那么真实
29号
多特别的一天
多少喜怒哀乐,多少事态急转
一天=?
我真的不能定义 March 16 恶作剧~前一阵看了台剧<恶作剧之吻>~
以前还算很喜欢日剧的那个版,也很喜欢这个漫画~
这个剧整体还不错吧~
除了女主角演的很讨人厌外(本来我也不喜欢那演员~觉得太难看了||||||)
整个戏还是相当的有意思~
尤其是小综~很不错~很帅呢~
其实一直很不喜欢台湾偶像剧~
尤其是漫画改编剧~
觉得简直就是强奸原作~
最近我的大爱<偷偷爱着你>竟然也难逃此劫~T0T~
虽然是好朋友的偶像(EALL)主演的~她是超期待呢~
我是哭到要死~真的觉得超级不合适~||||||
为什么上天总要派人类来亵渎我大爱的作品呢
日本人扒了矢泽大神的作品还不够~
台湾人又一波又一波的进行扫荡||||||
希望别又哪天内地宣布要拍什么就好了|||||||||
不然我真的会死的~
好了~
不多说了~看<恶作剧之吻>的时候觉得<恶作剧>那歌还挺好听的~
于是就扒到自己这来了~HOHO~
下面副送下歌词吧~HO
February 04 VENUS(后记)HOHO~
偶的第一篇同人文<VENUS>终于算是终于完成了~
虽然有些图有的亲说看不见||||||
但是偶到是都能看到呢~
哈哈~反正这东西就是做完了自己开心就好了~
下面呢~
再为整个作品做一个补充~HO
写作原因:HOHO~因为近来看了很多同人PV,刺激了偶的同人神经~
作品名称的来历:当然是TAKKI宝贝的新歌了~
写作感想:~~虽然~以前写了很多东西,但是同人创作还是第一次呢,有点紧张怕被人笑话~不过~总之既然做完了~只要自己开心就好了~HO~
每个部分的主题歌:
(一):分开旅行(属于T&T的歌)
![]() (二):占线 (属于TOMA的歌)
![]() (三):成全(属于P的歌)
![]() (四):如果的事(属于所有人的歌)
谢幕曲:VENUS
全作的主题歌:
![]() 大好きだよ
VENUS(三)(三)TAKKI:
地球是圆的 果然没错
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